Which of the folliwng has the highest dipole moment?

Options

A.
B.
C.
D.

Explanation

To determine which compound has the highest dipole moment, we need to analyze the given compounds based on their molecular structure and the electronegativity differences between the atoms involved. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Identify the Compounds
We are given four compounds to analyze. Let's denote them as:
- Compound A: Naphthalene
- Compound B: Benzene
- Compound C: A compound with a C=O bond (likely a carbonyl compound)
- Compound D: A compound with a phenyl group and a charged center (possibly a phenol derivative)

### Step 2: Analyze Compound A (Naphthalene)
Naphthalene consists of carbon and hydrogen atoms only. The bonds present (C-H) are non-polar due to the similar electronegativity of carbon and hydrogen. Therefore, naphthalene has no dipole moment.

**Hint:** Look for polar bonds in the structure to determine if a dipole moment exists.

### Step 3: Analyze Compound B (Benzene)
Similar to naphthalene, benzene is made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms with only C-H bonds. As such, benzene is also non-polar and has no dipole moment.

**Hint:** Remember that non-polar molecules do not contribute to dipole moments.

### Step 4: Analyze Compound C (C=O Compound)
In this compound, there is a carbon-oxygen double bond (C=O). Oxygen is more electronegative than carbon, which creates a dipole moment directed towards the oxygen. This compound will have a net dipole moment due to the electronegativity difference.

**Hint:** Identify electronegative atoms in the structure that can create a dipole moment.

### Step 5: Analyze Compound D (Charged Phenyl Compound)
This compound has a phenyl group and exhibits charge separation (with a negative charge on oxygen and a positive charge on carbon). The presence of these charges creates a significant dipole moment because there are distinct positive and negative centers in the molecule.

**Hint:** Look for charge separation in the molecule, as it usually indicates a higher dipole moment.

### Step 6: Compare Dipole Moments
- **Compound A (Naphthalene)**: No dipole moment
- **Compound B (Benzene)**: No dipole moment
- **Compound C (C=O Compound)**: Has a dipole moment due to C=O bond
- **Compound D (Charged Phenyl Compound)**: Has a significant dipole moment due to charge separation

### Conclusion
Based on the analysis, **Compound D** has the highest dipole moment due to the presence of complete charges, which creates a strong dipole.

**Final Answer:** The compound with the highest dipole moment is **Compound D**.