Among the following pairs of orbitals which orbital will experience the larger effective nuclear charge? (i) 2s and 3s, (ii) 4d and 4f, (iii) 3d and 3p

Explanation

(i) 2s is closer than 3s to the nucleus. Hence, 2s will experience larger effective nuclear charge.
(ii) d-orbitals are more penetrating than the f-orbitals. Therefore, 4d will experience larger effective nuclear charge.
(iii) p-orbitals are more penetrating than d orbitals. Hence, 3p will experience larger effective nuclear charge.