Which layer of the cell envelope determines the shape of the cell and provides a strong structural support to prever the bacterium from bursting or collapsing ?

Options

A. Slime layer
B. Capsule
C. Cell membrane
D. cell wall

Answer

To answer the question, "Which layer of the cell envelope determines the shape of the cell and provides strong structural support to prevent the bacterium from bursting or collapsing?", we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Structure of the Cell Envelope**:
- The cell envelope of a bacterium consists of three main layers: the glycocalyx (which includes the slime layer and capsule), the cell wall, and the cell membrane.

2. **Identify the Functions of Each Layer**:
- **Glycocalyx**: This is the outermost layer and can be further divided into the slime layer and capsule. Its primary function is to protect the cell from phagocytosis and help in adherence to surfaces.
- **Cell Wall**: This layer is present in all bacteria and is primarily made up of peptidoglycan. Its main functions include providing shape to the cell, maintaining structural integrity, and preventing the cell from bursting due to osmotic pressure.
- **Cell Membrane**: This is the innermost layer made up of a lipid bilayer. It is mainly involved in the transport of ions and molecules into and out of the cell.

3. **Determine the Correct Layer for the Given Function**:
- The question specifically asks for the layer that determines the shape of the cell and provides structural support to prevent bursting or collapsing.
- The cell wall is responsible for these functions, as it maintains the shape and protects the cell from osmotic pressure.

4. **Eliminate Incorrect Options**:
- **Slime Layer**: Incorrect, as it is part of the glycocalyx and does not provide structural support.
- **Capsule**: Incorrect, as it mainly protects against phagocytosis and does not determine cell shape.
- **Cell Membrane**: Incorrect, as it is involved in transport and not in maintaining shape or structural integrity.

5. **Final Answer**:
- The correct answer is **Cell Wall** (Option D), as it is the layer that determines the shape of the cell and provides strong structural support.