Which of the following is associated with the detoxification of drugs and muscle contraction by the release and `Ca^(2+)` ions?

Options

A. Golgi complex
B. RER
C. SER
D. Free ribosomes

Answer

To answer the question "Which of the following is associated with the detoxification of drugs and muscle contraction by the release of Ca²⁺ ions?", we will analyze the provided options step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Options**:
- The options given are:
1. Golgi complex
2. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
3. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
4. Free ribosome

2. **Function of Golgi Complex**:
- The Golgi complex is primarily involved in the modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins and lipids received from the endoplasmic reticulum. Its main functions include glycosylation and forming glycoproteins and glycolipids.
- **Conclusion**: Not associated with detoxification or muscle contraction.

3. **Function of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)**:
- The rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes and is primarily involved in the synthesis of proteins. These proteins are then packaged and sent to the Golgi complex for further processing.
- **Conclusion**: Not associated with detoxification or muscle contraction.

4. **Function of Free Ribosome**:
- Free ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins that function within the cytoplasm. They do not have a role in detoxification or muscle contraction.
- **Conclusion**: Not associated with detoxification or muscle contraction.

5. **Function of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)**:
- The smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes and has several key functions:
- **Lipid Synthesis**: It synthesizes lipids, which are essential for cell membranes.
- **Detoxification**: The SER plays a crucial role in detoxifying drugs and harmful substances, aided by enzymes such as cytochrome P450.
- **Calcium Ion Storage**: The SER stores calcium ions (Ca²⁺), which are released during muscle contraction when stimulated.
- **Conclusion**: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is associated with both detoxification of drugs and muscle contraction through the release of Ca²⁺ ions.

### Final Answer:
The correct answer is **Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum**.

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