The proteins are synthesized at

Options

A. Centrosomes
B. Golgi bodies
C. Ribosomes
D. Mitochondria

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Protein Synthesis**: Proteins are essential macromolecules in biological systems. They are synthesized through a process called translation, which occurs in cells.

2. **Key Components of Translation**: The process of translation involves three main components:
- **mRNA (messenger RNA)**: This carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.
- **tRNA (transfer RNA)**: This brings the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
- **Ribosomes**: These are the sites where protein synthesis occurs.

3. **Role of Ribosomes**: Ribosomes are often referred to as "protein factories" because they provide the site for the assembly of amino acids into proteins. They facilitate the formation of polypeptide chains by linking amino acids together through peptide bonds.

4. **Location of Ribosomes**: Ribosomes can be found free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). The presence of ribosomes on the RER gives it a "rough" appearance.

5. **Identifying the Correct Answer**: Among the options provided, ribosomes are specifically responsible for protein synthesis. Other options like centromere, Golgi body, and mitochondria do not play a direct role in the synthesis of proteins:
- **Centromere**: Involved in chromosome segregation, not protein synthesis.
- **Golgi Body**: Involved in the modification and transport of proteins, not their synthesis.
- **Mitochondria**: Primarily involved in energy production, not protein synthesis.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the correct answer to the question "The proteins are synthesized at" is **ribosomes**.

**Final Answer**: Ribosomes (Option C)

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