A: Telocentric chromosome has two unequal arms R: The centromere is situated close to its end forming one extremely short arm.

Options

A. if both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark(1).
B. if both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark(2).
C. if Assertion is the ture statement but Reason is false, then mark(3)
D. if both Assertion and Reaosn are false statements, then mark(4)

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Telocentric Chromosomes**:
- A telocentric chromosome is characterized by the position of its centromere. The term "telocentric" indicates that the centromere is located at the very end of the chromosome, leading to the formation of one very short arm and one long arm.

2. **Analyzing the Assertion**:
- The assertion states that "telocentric chromosome has two unequal arms." This is incorrect because a telocentric chromosome effectively has only one visible arm due to the centromere being at the end. Therefore, the assertion is false.

3. **Analyzing the Reason**:
- The reason given is "the centromere is situated close to its end forming one extremely short arm." This statement is misleading. While the centromere is indeed at the end, it does not merely sit "close" to the end; it is located at the terminal end of the chromosome. Thus, this reason is also false.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Since both the assertion and the reason are false, the correct answer is that both statements are incorrect.

**Final Answer**: Both the assertion and the reason are false.

---