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Why a small part of activated sludge is ...

Why a small part of activated sludge is pumped back into the aeration tank during sewage treatment?

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### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding Sewage Treatment**: Sewage treatment involves the process of treating sewage water to reduce its Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). BOD is a measure of the amount of oxygen required by microorganisms to decompose organic matter in the sewage. 2. **Role of Aeration Tanks**: After the initial treatment to reduce BOD, the effluent (treated sewage) is passed into aeration tanks. In these tanks, the effluent is aerated, allowing microorganisms to thrive and consume the organic matter present in the sewage. 3. **Formation of Activated Sludge**: Within the aeration tanks, the microorganisms, particularly bacteria, form clumps known as bacterial flocks. These flocks are structures made up of bacteria and fungal hyphae, which help in the sedimentation process. The sediment formed at the bottom of the tank is referred to as activated sludge. ...
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