A: Emphysema is a chronic obstructive- disease
of lung, causing irreversible distension and loss
of elasticity of alveoli.
R: Emphysema is preventable if chronic exposure
to smoke (cigarette and others) and pollutants
is avoided.

Options

A. If both Assertion & Reason are true and the
reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion, then mark (1)
B. If both Assertion & Reason are trye but the
reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion , then mark (2)
C. If Assertion is true statement but Reason is
fakse, then mark (3)
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false
statements, then mark (4)

Answer

To analyze the statements regarding emphysema, we will break down the information provided into a structured solution.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Emphysema**:
- Emphysema is classified as a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is characterized by irreversible distension (enlargement) of the alveoli (the tiny air sacs in the lungs) and a loss of their elasticity.
- This means that the alveoli can become over-inflated and lose their ability to return to their normal size, which impairs gas exchange in the lungs.

**Hint**: Remember that emphysema affects the structure and function of the alveoli, leading to breathing difficulties.

2. **Evaluating the Reason Statement**:
- The reason states that emphysema is preventable if chronic exposure to smoke (such as cigarette smoke) and pollutants is avoided.
- This is true because long-term exposure to these harmful substances can lead to the damage of the alveolar walls and loss of elasticity, which are key features of emphysema.

**Hint**: Consider the role of environmental factors and lifestyle choices in the development of lung diseases like emphysema.

3. **Assessing the Truth of Both Statements**:
- Both statements are true:
- Statement A (the definition of emphysema) is correct.
- Statement R (the preventability of emphysema) is also correct.
- However, while both statements are true, the reason provided does not directly explain the nature of emphysema itself but rather discusses its preventability.

**Hint**: Distinguish between a statement that defines a condition and a reason that explains how to avoid it.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Since both statements are true but the reason does not adequately explain the first statement, the answer to the question is that both statements are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation for the first statement.

**Hint**: When evaluating statements, always check if the reason logically supports the claim made in the first statement.

### Final Answer:
- Both statements are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation for the first statement.