Which of the following glands are present in the brain?

Options

A. Parathyroid gland and thyroid gland
B. Pituitary gland and thymus
C. Hypothalamus and pineal gland
D. Pineal gland and thymus

Answer

To determine which glands are present in the brain, we can analyze the options given and identify the relevant glands based on their anatomical locations.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Glands in the Brain**:
- The two primary glands located in the brain are the **hypothalamus** and the **pineal gland**.

2. **Hypothalamus**:
- The hypothalamus is located below the thalamus in the forebrain.
- It serves as a crucial link between the nervous system and the endocrine system.
- It regulates various bodily functions by controlling the pituitary gland, which in turn influences other endocrine glands.

3. **Pineal Gland**:
- The pineal gland is a small gland situated between the cerebral hemispheres, protruding from the roof of the third ventricle.
- It secretes the hormone **melatonin**, which is involved in regulating sleep-wake cycles and other biological rhythms.

4. **Other Glands**:
- The **pituitary gland** is located in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone, which is not technically within the brain but is closely associated with it.
- The **thyroid** and **parathyroid glands** are located in the neck region, and the **thymus** is situated below the sternum, making them irrelevant to this question.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the analysis, the glands present in the brain are the **hypothalamus** and the **pineal gland**. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option number 3, which includes these two glands.