If diabetes mellitus is not-controlled increased oxidation of______produces ketone bodies such as acetoacetate and acetone

Options

A. Carbohydrates
B. Fats
C. Proteins
D. Nucleic acids

Answer

To solve the question regarding the increased oxidation of which substance produces ketone bodies such as acetoacetate and acetone in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Diabetes Mellitus**:
- In diabetes mellitus, particularly type 1 diabetes, there is a deficiency of insulin. Insulin is crucial for allowing glucose to enter cells for energy production.

2. **Glucose Availability**:
- Due to the lack of insulin, cells cannot effectively take up glucose from the bloodstream. This leads to a state where glucose is not available for cellular respiration.

3. **Energy Production Needs**:
- The body requires a constant supply of ATP (energy) for vital functions. When glucose is not available, the body must find an alternative source of energy.

4. **Alternative Energy Source**:
- The next available source of energy for the body is fats. When glucose is not utilized, the body begins to oxidize fats to produce ATP.

5. **Oxidation of Fats**:
- The oxidation of fats occurs primarily in the liver. During this process, fatty acids are broken down, leading to the production of acetyl-CoA.

6. **Formation of Ketone Bodies**:
- The acetyl-CoA produced from fat oxidation can enter the TCA cycle (Krebs cycle) for ATP production. However, when there is an excess of acetyl-CoA (due to high fat oxidation), the liver converts it into ketone bodies, such as acetoacetate and acetone.

7. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, the increased oxidation of **fats** produces ketone bodies such as acetoacetate and acetone.

### Final Answer:
The correct answer is **fats**.

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