**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**
1. **Definition of Syngamy**: Syngamy refers to the fusion of gametes during sexual reproduction. It is a crucial process where male and female gametes come together.
2. **Gametes Involved**: In syngamy, the male gamete (sperm) and the female gamete (egg) unite. This fusion is essential for the formation of a zygote.
3. **Formation of Zygote**: The fusion of the sperm and egg results in the formation of a zygote, which is diploid (having two sets of chromosomes). This zygote will eventually develop into a new organism.
4. **Genetic Variation**: The zygote formed through syngamy shows genetic variation because it contains genetic material from both parents. This variation is important for evolution and adaptation.
5. **Related Terms**:
- **Hologamy**: This term refers to the fusion of entire organisms, not just gametes.
- **Isogamy**: This describes the fusion of similar gametes.
- **Anisogamy**: This refers to the fusion of dissimilar gametes.
6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, syngamy specifically means the fusion of male and female gametes during sexual reproduction, leading to the formation of a zygote.
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