Which of the following cells of embryo sac degenerate after fertilisation in angiosperms ?

Options

A. Synergids
B. Polar nuclei
C. Antipodal cells
D. Both (1) & (3)

Answer

To solve the question regarding which cells of the embryo sac degenerate after fertilization in angiosperms, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Structure of the Embryo Sac**:
- The embryo sac in angiosperms typically consists of seven cells: one egg cell, two synergids, three antipodal cells, and two polar nuclei.

2. **Identify the Cells Involved in Fertilization**:
- During fertilization, one male gamete fuses with the egg cell to form the zygote. The other male gamete fuses with the two polar nuclei to form the triploid endosperm.

3. **Determine Which Cells Degenerate**:
- After fertilization, the synergids and antipodal cells are known to degenerate. The synergids help guide the pollen tube and are not needed after fertilization. The antipodal cells also do not have a role in the developing embryo and degenerate.

4. **Evaluate the Options Provided**:
- The options given are:
- a) Synergids
- b) Polar nuclei
- c) Antipodal cells
- d) Both 1 and 3 (Synergids and Antipodal cells)
- From our understanding, synergids (option a) and antipodal cells (option c) both degenerate after fertilization, while polar nuclei do not degenerate but instead contribute to the formation of the endosperm.

5. **Select the Correct Answer**:
- Since both synergids and antipodal cells degenerate after fertilization, the correct answer is option d) Both 1 and 3.

### Final Answer:
The cells of the embryo sac that degenerate after fertilization in angiosperms are **both synergids and antipodal cells (option d)**.

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