Mobile carrier protein alongwith energy expenditure is involved in

Options

A. ATP independent transport
B. Simple diffusion
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Uphill movement

Answer

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Understanding Transport Mechanisms**: The question asks about the role of mobile carrier proteins and energy expenditure in transport processes. There are three main types of transport mechanisms in biological systems: diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport.

2. **Diffusion**: The first type of transport is diffusion, which is a passive process. It occurs when substances move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without the need for energy input. Since this process does not involve energy expenditure, it cannot be the answer to the question.

3. **Facilitated Diffusion**: The second type is facilitated diffusion, which also does not require energy. This process involves carrier proteins that assist in the movement of substances across the cell membrane, but like diffusion, it occurs along the concentration gradient (from high to low concentration). Therefore, this option can also be eliminated as it does not involve energy expenditure.

4. **ATP Independent Transport**: The third type mentioned is ATP independent transport. This term generally refers to processes that do not require ATP for the movement of substances. Since the question specifically mentions energy expenditure, this option is also incorrect.

5. **Uphill Transport (Active Transport)**: The only remaining option is uphill transport, which is synonymous with active transport. This process involves the movement of substances from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration, which requires energy (usually in the form of ATP). Mobile carrier proteins (often referred to as pumps) are essential for this process. An example of this is the sodium-potassium pump, which actively transports sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell against their concentration gradients.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that mobile carrier proteins along with energy expenditure are involved in uphill transport (active transport).

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