Most of the flows in the roots as

Options

A. Passive , apoplastic
B. Active , Symplastic
C. Passive , Symplastic
D. Active , Apoplastic

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Root Functionality**:
- Roots are primarily responsible for the absorption of water from the soil.

2. **Pathways of Water Movement**:
- Water can move through the roots via two main pathways: the apoplastic pathway and the symplastic pathway.
- The apoplastic pathway involves the movement of water through the cell walls and intercellular spaces, while the symplastic pathway involves the movement of water through the cytoplasm of the cells, crossing cell membranes.

3. **Role of Cortical Cells**:
- The cortical cells in the root are loosely packed, allowing water to flow easily through the intercellular spaces without much resistance. This makes the apoplastic pathway the primary route for water movement in the root.

4. **Endodermis and Suberin**:
- As water reaches the endodermis, it encounters a barrier made of suberin, a waxy substance found in the radial and tangential walls of endodermal cells.
- This suberin layer prevents water from continuing to flow through the apoplastic pathway.

5. **Transition to Symplastic Pathway**:
- Once water reaches the endodermis, it must switch to the symplastic pathway to enter the xylem. This involves passing through the cell membranes of the endodermal cells.

6. **Energy Requirement**:
- The movement of water through the apoplastic pathway is passive, meaning it does not require energy. In contrast, the movement through the symplastic pathway may involve active transport mechanisms, particularly at the endodermis.

7. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the majority of water flow in the roots occurs through the apoplastic pathway initially, and this process is passive. However, when water reaches the endodermis, it transitions to the symplastic pathway.

### Final Answer:
Most of the water flows in the roots as **passive and apoplastic**.

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