Predation, parasitism and commensalism share a common characteristic i.e,

Options

A. Both the intercting species are benefitted
B. Interating species live closely together
C. One of the species is benefitted while other is harmed
D. Both the species belong to same taxonomic group

Answer

To answer the question regarding the common characteristic shared by predation, parasitism, and commensalism, we can break down the solution into the following steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Population Interactions**:
- Predation, parasitism, and commensalism are all types of interactions between different organisms in an ecosystem. They involve relationships where one organism interacts with another, leading to various outcomes.

2. **Defining Predation**:
- In predation, one organism (the predator) kills and consumes another organism (the prey). The predator benefits from this interaction, while the prey is harmed or killed.

3. **Defining Parasitism**:
- Parasitism involves one organism (the parasite) living on or inside another organism (the host) and deriving nourishment from it. In this case, the parasite benefits at the expense of the host, which may suffer negative effects.

4. **Defining Commensalism**:
- Commensalism is a type of interaction where one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed. For example, clownfish live among sea anemones, gaining protection without affecting the anemones.

5. **Identifying the Common Characteristic**:
- The common characteristic among these three interactions is that in each case, at least one species benefits from the interaction. In predation, the predator benefits; in parasitism, the parasite benefits; and in commensalism, the commensal organism benefits while the other remains unaffected.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the shared characteristic of predation, parasitism, and commensalism is that in each interaction, one of the species involved benefits from the relationship.