A : Non-competitive inhibitors have no effect on `V_(max)`.
R : In non-competitive inhibition, inhibitor and substrate bind at same sites on the enzyme.

Options

A. If both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (1).
B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (2).
C. If Assertion is true statements but Reason is false, then mark (3).
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false statements, then mark (4)

Answer

To analyze the assertion and reason provided in the question, let's break it down step by step.

### Step 1: Understanding the Assertion
The assertion states that "Non-competitive inhibitors have no effect on Vmax."
- **Explanation**: Non-competitive inhibitors bind to an enzyme regardless of whether the substrate is bound or not. This means that they can reduce the overall number of active enzyme molecules available for catalysis, which in turn decreases the maximum reaction velocity (Vmax). Therefore, this statement is **false**.

### Step 2: Understanding the Reason
The reason states that "In non-competitive inhibition, inhibitor and substrate bind at the same sites on the enzyme."
- **Explanation**: In non-competitive inhibition, the inhibitor binds to a site different from the active site of the enzyme. This means that the inhibitor does not compete with the substrate for binding to the active site. Therefore, this statement is also **false**.

### Step 3: Conclusion
Since both the assertion and the reason are false, the correct answer is that both statements are incorrect.

### Final Answer
Both the assertion and reason are false.

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