Sympathetic neural system induces

Options

A. Secretion of digestive juices
B. Increase in heart beat rate
C. Secretion of saliva
D. All of these

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Sympathetic Nervous System**: The sympathetic nervous system is a part of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and is often referred to as the "fight or flight" system. It is responsible for preparing the body to respond to stressful situations.

2. **Origin of the Sympathetic Nervous System**: The sympathetic nervous system originates from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord, specifically from the 1st thoracic vertebra to the 3rd lumbar region.

3. **Functions of the Sympathetic Nervous System**:
- It increases heart rate to prepare the body for action.
- It dilates pupils to enhance vision.
- It inhibits salivation, which means it reduces the secretion of saliva.
- It relaxes airways to facilitate better breathing.
- It inhibits digestive processes, including the secretion of digestive juices from the stomach and gallbladder.

4. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Secretion of Digestive Juices**: The sympathetic nervous system inhibits this process, so this option is incorrect.
- **Increase in Heartbeat Rate**: This is a function of the sympathetic nervous system, making this option correct.
- **Secretion of Saliva**: The sympathetic nervous system inhibits salivation, so this option is also incorrect.
- **All of the Above**: Since not all options are correct, this option is incorrect.

5. **Conclusion**: The correct answer is that the sympathetic neural system induces an increase in heart rate.

**Final Answer**: Increase in heart rate.

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