Which of the following method is used during abortion ?

Options

A. Vaccum aspiration
B. Infusion of a saline solution / antiseptics
C. Scraping / D & E
D. All of these

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Abortion**: Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy before the fetus reaches full term. It can occur naturally or be induced for medical reasons.

2. **Types of Abortion**: There are different methods of abortion, which can be categorized based on gestational age (the age of the fetus in weeks). The methods vary depending on how far along the pregnancy is.

3. **Methods of Abortion**:
- **First Trimester (up to 12-14 weeks)**:
- **Oral Medications**: For pregnancies less than 12 weeks, oral medications may be used.
- **Vacuum Aspiration**: For pregnancies between 12 to 14 weeks, vacuum aspiration is commonly used. This involves using a suction device to remove the fetus.

- **Second Trimester (more than 12-14 weeks)**:
- **Dilation and Evacuation (D&E)**: For pregnancies beyond 12-14 weeks, D&E is often performed. This method involves dilating the cervix and using instruments to evacuate the contents of the uterus.
- **Vacuum Aspiration**: This can also be used in conjunction with D&E for later-term abortions.

4. **Additional Methods**:
- **Infusion of Saline Solution**: This can be used in some cases to induce abortion, particularly in later stages.
- **Antiseptics**: These are used to prevent infection during the procedure.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the methods discussed, all the options provided in the question (vacuum aspiration, infusion of saline solution or antiseptic, scraping, D&E) are valid methods used during abortion. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of these."

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