Choose the incorrect statement

Options

A. Before emergence of industrialisation in England, white winged moths were more in number
B. Sickle cell anaemia in malaria endemic area is an example of directional selection
C. Long neck of Giraff is an example of progressive selection
D. Plant tolerant to selenium is Astragalus

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Identify the Statements:** The question asks to choose the incorrect statement from a set of four statements related to evolution.

2. **Evaluate Each Statement:**
- **Statement 1:** "Before the emergence of industrialization in England, white-winged moths were more in number."
- This statement is true. Before industrialization, white-winged moths blended in with the white lichens on tree barks, allowing them to avoid predators.

- **Statement 2:** "Sickle cell anemia in malaria endemic area is an example of directional selection."
- This statement is incorrect. Sickle cell anemia provides resistance to malaria, which is an example of pleiotropy, not directional selection. Directional selection refers to a shift in the population toward one extreme phenotype.

- **Statement 3:** "The long neck of giraffe is an example of progressive selection."
- This statement is true. The long neck of giraffes is an adaptation that allows them to reach food in taller trees, representing a desirable evolutionary change.

- **Statement 4:** "Plant tolerant to selenium is Astragalus."
- This statement is true. Astragalus is known for its ability to tolerate and accumulate selenium, which can be toxic to many other plants.

3. **Conclusion:** The only incorrect statement among the four is the second statement regarding sickle cell anemia and its classification as directional selection.

**Final Answer:** The incorrect statement is: "Sickle cell anemia in malaria endemic area is an example of directional selection."

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