The process by which organims with different evolutionary history evolve similar phenotypic adaptations in response to a common environmental challenge, is called

Options

A. Convergent evolution
B. Non-random evolution
C. Adaptive radiation
D. Natural selection.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question:**
The question asks for the term that describes the process where organisms with different evolutionary histories develop similar adaptations due to facing similar environmental challenges.

2. **Identifying Key Terms:**
- **Different evolutionary history:** This means the organisms do not share a common ancestor.
- **Similar phenotypic adaptations:** This refers to traits or characteristics that are similar in function or appearance but evolved independently.
- **Common environmental challenge:** This indicates that these adaptations arise in response to similar environmental pressures.

3. **Evaluating the Options:**
- **Convergent Evolution:** This is the process where unrelated organisms evolve similar traits due to adapting to similar environments or challenges.
- **Non-random Evolution:** This refers to artificial selection where specific traits are chosen by breeders, not applicable here.
- **Adaptive Radiation:** This describes the diversification of a group of organisms into different forms to adapt to various environments from a common ancestor, which is not the case here.
- **Natural Selection:** This is the process where individuals with favorable traits are more likely to reproduce, but it does not specifically refer to the development of similar traits in unrelated species.

4. **Conclusion:**
Based on the definitions and explanations of the options, the correct answer is **Convergent Evolution**. This term specifically describes the phenomenon where unrelated organisms develop similar adaptations in response to similar environmental challenges.

**Final Answer:**
Convergent Evolution

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