How many sigma bonds and pi bonds are present in a benzene molecules ? .

Options

A. Three sigma and three pi
B. Twelve sigma and three pi
C. Six pi and three sigma
D. Nine sigma and three pi

Answer

To determine the number of sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds in a benzene molecule, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the structure of benzene
Benzene has the molecular formula C₆H₆. It consists of six carbon atoms arranged in a ring, with alternating double bonds. Each carbon atom is also bonded to one hydrogen atom.

### Step 2: Identify the types of bonds in benzene
In benzene, each carbon-carbon bond is a double bond, which consists of one sigma bond and one pi bond. Additionally, each carbon-hydrogen bond is a single bond, which consists of one sigma bond.

### Step 3: Count the sigma bonds
- **Carbon-Carbon Bonds**: There are 6 carbon atoms in a cyclic structure. The structure has 3 double bonds (C=C), which contribute:
- 3 sigma bonds (one from each double bond).

- **Carbon-Hydrogen Bonds**: Each of the 6 carbon atoms is bonded to one hydrogen atom, contributing:
- 6 sigma bonds (one for each C-H bond).

Thus, the total number of sigma bonds is:
- Sigma bonds from C-C = 3
- Sigma bonds from C-H = 6
- Total sigma bonds = 3 + 6 = 9

### Step 4: Count the pi bonds
For the pi bonds:
- Each of the 3 double bonds contributes 1 pi bond.
- Therefore, the total number of pi bonds in benzene is 3.

### Final Count
- Total Sigma Bonds = 9
- Total Pi Bonds = 3

### Conclusion
In a benzene molecule, there are **9 sigma bonds and 3 pi bonds**.