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Redox is a reaction in which both oxidat...

Redox is a reaction in which both oxidation and reduction will take place simultaneously . It is obvious that if one substance gives electron there must be another substance to accept these electrons . In some reactions, same substance is reduced as well as oxidised, these reactions are termed as disproportionation reactions.
For calculating equivalent mass in redox reaction change in oxidtaion number is realted to n-factor which is reciprocal of molar ratio.
When P reacts with NaOH, the products are `PH_(3)` and `NaH_(2)PO_(2)` which of the following statement is correct ?

A

P is oxidised only

B

P is reduced only

C

P is oxidised as well as reduced

D

P is neither reduced nor oxidised

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To solve the question regarding the reaction of phosphorus (P) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and determine the correct statement about the oxidation state of phosphorus, we will follow these steps: ### Step 1: Identify the Reaction The reaction given is: \[ P + NaOH \rightarrow PH_3 + NaH_2PO_2 \] ### Step 2: Determine the Oxidation States 1. **Oxidation State of Elemental Phosphorus (P)**: - In its elemental form, phosphorus has an oxidation state of 0. 2. **Oxidation State in PH3**: - In phosphine (PH3), let the oxidation state of phosphorus be \( x \). - The oxidation state of hydrogen is +1. - The equation becomes: \[ x + 3(+1) = 0 \implies x + 3 = 0 \implies x = -3 \] - Therefore, the oxidation state of phosphorus in PH3 is -3. 3. **Oxidation State in NaH2PO2**: - In sodium hydrogen phosphite (NaH2PO2), let the oxidation state of phosphorus be \( y \). - The oxidation state of sodium (Na) is +1, and the oxidation state of hydrogen (H) is +1. - The equation becomes: \[ +1 + 2(+1) + y + 2(-2) = 0 \implies 1 + 2 + y - 4 = 0 \implies y - 1 = 0 \implies y = +1 \] - Therefore, the oxidation state of phosphorus in NaH2PO2 is +1. ### Step 3: Analyze the Changes in Oxidation State - Phosphorus changes from 0 (in elemental form) to -3 (in PH3) and from 0 to +1 (in NaH2PO2). - This indicates that phosphorus is both gaining electrons (reduction) when it goes from 0 to -3 and losing electrons (oxidation) when it goes from 0 to +1. ### Step 4: Conclusion Since phosphorus is both oxidized and reduced in this reaction, the correct statement is: - **P is oxidized as well as reduced.** ### Final Answer The correct statement is: **P is oxidized as well as reduced.** ---
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