Which substance can be used for purification of sugar?

Options

A. `CaCO_(3)`
B. `Na_(2)CO_(3)`
C. `CaHCO_(3)`
D. `Ca(OH)_(2)`

Answer

To determine which substance can be used for the purification of sugar, we need to analyze the options provided:

1. **CaCO3 (Calcium Carbonate)**
2. **Na2CO3 (Sodium Carbonate)**
3. **C8CO3 (This appears to be a typographical error; it should be NaHCO3, Sodium Bicarbonate)**
4. **Ca(OH)2 (Calcium Hydroxide)**

### Step-by-Step Solution:

**Step 1: Analyze the Carbonates**
- Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) are both carbonates. When these are added to a sugar solution, they increase the alkalinity of the solution.
- Increased alkalinity can lead to the destruction of monosaccharides, which are simple sugars.

**Hint for Step 1:** Consider how the addition of carbonates affects the chemical properties of the sugar solution.

**Step 2: Examine the Effect of Carbonates**
- The carbonates not only increase alkalinity but also cause coagulation in the solution. This coagulation can hinder the purification process by making it difficult to separate the sugar from impurities.

**Hint for Step 2:** Think about the physical changes in the solution when carbonates are added.

**Step 3: Evaluate Calcium Hydroxide**
- Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is different from the carbonates. It does not destroy monosaccharides and does not significantly alter the alkalinity of the sugar solution.
- It aids in the clarification process without causing coagulation or degradation of the sugar.

**Hint for Step 3:** Compare how calcium hydroxide interacts with sugar compared to the carbonates.

**Step 4: Conclusion**
- Based on the analysis, calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is the most suitable substance for the purification of sugar as it does not negatively impact the sugar structure or the solution's properties.

**Final Answer:** The substance that can be used for the purification of sugar is **Ca(OH)2 (Calcium Hydroxide)**.