Choose the correct statement regarding bonding in `FeCl_(3)`
(I) It contains `2c-2e^(-)` bond
(II) It contains `3c-2e^(-)` bond
(III) It contain co-ordinate bond

Options

A. (I),(II)
B. (I),(III)
C. (II),(III)
D. (I),(II) &(III)

Answer

To determine the correct statements regarding the bonding in FeCl₃, we will analyze each option step by step.

### Step 1: Determine the oxidation state of iron in FeCl₃
- The formula for iron(III) chloride is FeCl₃.
- Chlorine (Cl) has an oxidation state of -1.
- Since there are three chlorine atoms, the total contribution from chlorine is -3.
- Let the oxidation state of iron be \( X \). Therefore, we can write the equation:
\[ X + 3(-1) = 0 \implies X - 3 = 0 \implies X = +3 \]
- Thus, the oxidation state of iron in FeCl₃ is +3.

**Hint:** To find the oxidation state, consider the charges contributed by the other elements in the compound.

### Step 2: Determine the electronic configuration of Fe³⁺
- The atomic number of iron (Fe) is 26, and its electronic configuration is:
\[ \text{Fe: } [\text{Ar}] 3d^6 4s^2 \]
- When iron loses three electrons to form Fe³⁺, it loses the two 4s electrons and one 3d electron:
\[ \text{Fe}^{3+}: [\text{Ar}] 3d^5 \]

**Hint:** Remember that when an atom ionizes, it loses electrons from the outermost shell first.

### Step 3: Analyze the bonding with chlorine
- Chlorine is a weak field ligand and does not cause pairing of electrons in the 3d orbitals.
- Each chlorine atom has 7 valence electrons and can donate one lone pair (2 electrons) to bond with iron.
- In FeCl₃, three chlorine atoms donate their lone pairs to the iron atom.

**Hint:** Identify the type of bond formed when one atom donates a pair of electrons to another atom.

### Step 4: Identify the types of bonds formed
- The bonds between Fe and Cl can be classified as:
- **2c-2e bonds:** These are bonds where two electrons are shared between two atoms. In FeCl₃, each Fe-Cl bond can be considered a 2c-2e bond.
- **Coordinate bonds:** These are formed when one atom donates both electrons in a bond. In this case, since chlorine donates its lone pair to iron, these bonds are also coordinate bonds.

**Hint:** Differentiate between 2c-2e bonds and coordinate bonds based on electron sharing.

### Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- (I) It contains 2c-2e bonds: **True** (each Fe-Cl bond is a 2c-2e bond).
- (II) It contains 3c-2e bonds: **False** (there are no 3c-2e bonds in FeCl₃).
- (III) It contains coordinate bonds: **True** (the bonds formed by chlorine donating lone pairs are coordinate bonds).

### Final Answer
The correct statements regarding bonding in FeCl₃ are:
- (I) It contains 2c-2e bonds.
- (III) It contains coordinate bonds.

Thus, the answer is **I and III**.