An association between roots of higher plants and fungi called

Options

A. Lichens
B. Mycorrhiza
C. Slime mould
D. Neurospora

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the association between the roots of higher plants and fungi. This type of relationship is important in biology, particularly in the study of plant-fungi interactions.

2. **Identifying the Type of Association**: The association in question is a symbiotic relationship, which means that both organisms involved benefit from the interaction.

3. **Defining Mycorrhizae**: The correct term for this association is "mycorrhizae." Mycorrhizae refers to the symbiotic relationship between fungi and the roots of higher plants.

4. **Explaining the Benefits**: In this relationship, the fungi assist the plants in absorbing minerals and nutrients from the soil. The fungi extend their hyphae into the soil, which increases the surface area for absorption, making it easier for plants to take up essential nutrients.

5. **Types of Mycorrhizae**: There are two main types of mycorrhizae:
- **Ectomycorrhizae**: In this type, the fungi form a sheath around the outside of the root.
- **Endomycorrhizae**: In this type, the fungi penetrate the root cells, specifically the cortex.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the association between the roots of higher plants and fungi is called mycorrhizae, which is beneficial for both organisms involved.

### Final Answer:
The association between the roots of higher plants and fungi is called **mycorrhizae**.

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