VAM is an example of

Options

A. Endomycorrhiza
B. Ectoparasitism
C. Endoparasitism
D. Ectomycorrhiza

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding VAM**:
- VAM stands for Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae. It is a type of mycorrhizal association between fungi and plant roots.

2. **Identifying Mycorrhizae**:
- Mycorrhizae are symbiotic associations between fungi and plant roots. They play a crucial role in nutrient exchange, particularly phosphorus.

3. **Analyzing the Options**:
- The options provided are:
- A) Endomycorrhiza
- B) Ectoparasitism
- C) Endoparasitism
- D) Ectomycorrhiza
- We need to determine which of these options correctly describes VAM.

4. **Eliminating Incorrect Options**:
- **Ectoparasitism** and **Endoparasitism**: These terms refer to parasitic relationships, which do not apply to VAM as it is a mutualistic relationship. Therefore, these options can be eliminated.
- **Ectomycorrhiza**: This refers to a type of mycorrhiza where the fungal hyphae do not penetrate the root cells deeply. Since VAM involves deep penetration into the root cortex, this option is also incorrect.

5. **Identifying the Correct Option**:
- **Endomycorrhiza**: This term describes mycorrhizal associations where the fungi penetrate deep into the root cortex, which is characteristic of VAM. Therefore, this is the correct answer.

6. **Conclusion**:
- The correct answer to the question "VAM is an example of" is **A) Endomycorrhiza**.