Which among the following scientists was successful in accounting for the stability of atom ?

Options

A. NeilsBohr
B. Rutherford
C. J.J. Thomson
D. Maxwell

Answer

To determine which scientist was successful in accounting for the stability of the atom, we will analyze the contributions of the four scientists mentioned: Niels Bohr, Rutherford, J.J. Thomson, and James Clerk Maxwell.

### Step-by-step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks which scientist successfully explained the stability of the atom. This involves understanding how electrons behave around the nucleus.

2. **Analyzing Niels Bohr's Contribution**:
- Niels Bohr proposed a model of the atom in which electrons orbit the nucleus in specific paths or shells.
- He introduced the concept of quantized energy levels, meaning that electrons can only occupy certain energy states and cannot fall into the nucleus because they possess energy associated with their orbits.
- This model successfully explained why atoms are stable and do not collapse.

3. **Examining Rutherford's Contribution**:
- Ernest Rutherford conducted the gold foil experiment, which led to the discovery of the nucleus.
- He proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus, similar to planets around the sun, but he did not explain why these electrons do not spiral into the nucleus.
- Therefore, he did not account for the stability of the atom.

4. **Looking at J.J. Thomson's Contribution**:
- J.J. Thomson is known for the discovery of the electron and proposed the "plum pudding" model of the atom.
- However, his model did not explain the stability of the atom or the behavior of electrons in orbits.

5. **Considering James Clerk Maxwell's Contribution**:
- Maxwell is known for his work in electromagnetism and did not specifically address atomic structure or stability.
- His theories did not provide an explanation for the stability of atoms.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Among the scientists mentioned, Niels Bohr was the only one who successfully accounted for the stability of the atom by explaining the quantized energy levels of electrons.

### Final Answer:
The scientist who was successful in accounting for the stability of the atom is **Niels Bohr**.