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STATEMENT-1: Buffer capacity is maximum ...

STATEMENT-1: Buffer capacity is maximum when concentrtion of salt is equal concentrtion of acid.
STATEMEN T-2: pH of the buffer is given by pH=`pK_(a)+log""(["salt"])/(["acid"]).`

A

Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True, Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-11

B

Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True, Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-11

C

Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False

D

Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To solve the question, we need to analyze both statements regarding buffer solutions and their properties. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding Buffer Solutions:** - A buffer solution is a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base (or a weak base and its conjugate acid) that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added. 2. **Analyzing Statement 1:** - **Statement 1:** "Buffer capacity is maximum when the concentration of salt is equal to the concentration of acid." - When the concentrations of the weak acid and its conjugate base (salt) are equal, the buffer can effectively neutralize added acids or bases. This is because there are equal amounts of acid and base to react with any added species, maximizing the buffer's capacity to resist pH changes. 3. **Analyzing Statement 2:** - **Statement 2:** "pH of the buffer is given by pH = pKa + log([salt]/[acid])." - This is the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, which relates the pH of a buffer solution to the pKa of the weak acid and the ratio of the concentrations of the salt (conjugate base) to the acid. 4. **Connecting the Statements:** - When the concentrations of the salt and acid are equal, the ratio [salt]/[acid] equals 1. Therefore, log(1) = 0, which means pH = pKa. - This indicates that at maximum buffer capacity (when concentrations are equal), the pH of the buffer is equal to the pKa of the weak acid. 5. **Conclusion:** - Both statements are true. Statement 1 is correct because buffer capacity is indeed maximum when the concentrations of salt and acid are equal. Statement 2 is also true as it accurately describes how to calculate the pH of a buffer solution. Furthermore, Statement 2 provides a correct explanation for Statement 1. ### Final Answer: Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are true, and Statement 2 is a correct explanation for Statement 1. ---
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STATEMENT-1 : When a small amount of strong acid is added to a buffer solution, its pH value does not change significantly STATEMENT-2 : Buffer action of the buffer sloution resist the changee in pH when small amount of acid is added to it