Which of the following molecular formula will exhibit functional isomerism as well as metamerism?

Options

A. `C_(4)H_(10)O`
B. `C_(4)H_(11)N`
C. `C_(4)H_(8)O`
D. `C_(4)H_(9)Cl`

Answer

To determine which of the given molecular formulas exhibit both functional isomerism and metamerism, we need to analyze each option step by step.

### Step 1: Understand Functional Isomerism
Functional isomerism occurs when compounds have the same molecular formula but different functional groups. For example, alcohols and ethers can be functional isomers.

### Step 2: Understand Metamerism
Metamerism is a type of isomerism where compounds have the same functional group but different alkyl groups on either side of the functional group. For example, ethers with different alkyl groups are metamers.

### Step 3: Analyze Each Option

1. **Option 1: C4H10O**
- This molecular formula can represent both alcohols and ethers.
- Alcohols (e.g., butanol) and ethers (e.g., dimethyl ether) can be formed.
- **Functional Isomerism:** Yes (alcohol vs. ether)
- **Metamerism:** Yes (different alkyl groups can be attached to the ether)
- **Conclusion:** This option exhibits both functional isomerism and metamerism.

2. **Option 2: C4H11N**
- This formula represents amines.
- Amines can be primary, secondary, or tertiary, leading to different structural arrangements.
- **Functional Isomerism:** Yes (different types of amines)
- **Metamerism:** Yes (different alkyl groups can be attached to the nitrogen)
- **Conclusion:** This option exhibits both functional isomerism and metamerism.

3. **Option 3: C4H8O**
- This formula can represent both aldehydes and ketones.
- Aldehydes (e.g., butanal) and ketones (e.g., butanone) can be formed.
- **Functional Isomerism:** Yes (aldehyde vs. ketone)
- **Metamerism:** No (the carbonyl group in ketones cannot be at the end of the carbon chain)
- **Conclusion:** This option exhibits functional isomerism but not metamerism.

4. **Option 4: C4H9Cl**
- This formula represents alkyl halides.
- The chlorine can be attached to different carbon atoms, but the functional group (Cl) remains the same.
- **Functional Isomerism:** No (only halides)
- **Metamerism:** No (the functional group does not change)
- **Conclusion:** This option does not exhibit either functional isomerism or metamerism.

### Final Conclusion
- **Options that exhibit both functional isomerism and metamerism:** **1 (C4H10O)** and **2 (C4H11N)**
- **Option that exhibits only functional isomerism:** **3 (C4H8O)**
- **Option that exhibits neither:** **4 (C4H9Cl)**

### Summary of Answers
The molecular formulas that exhibit both functional isomerism and metamerism are **C4H10O** and **C4H11N**.

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