Which of the following is stablised by overlapping of p-orbitals?

Options

A. `CH_(2)=CH-overset(o+)(CH_(2))`
B.
C.
D.

Answer

To determine which of the given molecules is stabilized by the overlapping of p-orbitals, we can analyze each option based on their structural characteristics and hybridization. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Understand p-Orbital Overlap
P-orbital overlap occurs when two p-orbitals from adjacent atoms align parallel to each other, allowing for the formation of pi bonds or resonance structures. This overlap is crucial for the stability of certain molecular structures.

**Hint:** Look for structures that have double bonds or positive charges, as these often involve p-orbital interactions.

### Step 2: Analyze the First Option
The first molecule is likely to have a positive charge (e.g., CH2+). This structure can undergo resonance but does not involve p-orbital overlap because the resonance occurs within the molecule itself without interaction with adjacent p-orbitals.

**Hint:** Check if the molecule has resonance structures that involve only single bonds.

### Step 3: Analyze the Second Option
The second molecule is a cyclopropane derivative with sp3 hybridization. The bond angles are strained due to the 60-degree angles instead of the expected 109.28 degrees. This strain can lead to some p-character in the bonds, allowing for potential p-orbital overlap with adjacent carbocations.

**Hint:** Look for cyclic structures with angle strain, as they may exhibit p-character in their bonds.

### Step 4: Analyze the Third Option
The third structure, which has a positive charge and is likely a cyclopropyl cation, also experiences angle strain. Similar to the second option, the strain can lead to the formation of a pi bond through p-orbital overlap.

**Hint:** Identify any positive charges and strain in the structure that could facilitate p-orbital interactions.

### Step 5: Analyze the Fourth Option
The fourth structure, which also has a positive charge, appears to undergo resonance without significant p-orbital overlap. The positive charge can shift among different atoms, but this does not necessarily involve overlapping p-orbitals.

**Hint:** Determine if the molecule is primarily resonating without forming new bonds through p-orbital overlap.

### Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- The second and third structures (options B and C) are stabilized by overlapping of p-orbitals due to the presence of angle strain and positive charges that allow for the formation of pi bonds.
- The first and fourth structures primarily involve resonance without significant p-orbital overlap.

**Final Answer:** Options B and C are correct.