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When ultraviolet radiation is incident o...

When ultraviolet radiation is incident on a surface, no photoelectrons are emitted. If another beam causes photoelectrons to be emitted from the surface, it may consist of
(i) radio waves
(ii) infrared rays
(iii) X-rays
(iv) gamma rays

A

infra-red light

B

Visible light

C

X-rays

D

Micro-waves

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To solve the problem, we need to understand the photoelectric effect and the relationship between the frequency of radiation and the emission of photoelectrons. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Photoelectric Effect**: The photoelectric effect occurs when light (or electromagnetic radiation) hits a material and causes the emission of electrons. For this to happen, the energy of the incoming radiation must be greater than the work function (the minimum energy required to remove an electron from the surface of the material). 2. **Energy and Frequency Relationship**: The energy of electromagnetic radiation is directly proportional to its frequency. This relationship is given by the equation: \[ E = h \cdot f \] where \(E\) is the energy, \(h\) is Planck's constant, and \(f\) is the frequency of the radiation. 3. **Identifying the Frequency of Ultraviolet Radiation**: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has a certain frequency range. If UV radiation does not cause the emission of photoelectrons, it indicates that the energy of the UV radiation is not sufficient to overcome the work function of the material. 4. **Comparing Other Radiation Types**: We need to consider the frequencies of the other types of radiation mentioned: - **Radio Waves**: Lowest frequency, much lower than UV. - **Infrared Rays**: Also lower frequency than UV. - **X-rays**: Higher frequency than UV. - **Gamma Rays**: Even higher frequency than X-rays. 5. **Conclusion**: Since UV radiation does not emit photoelectrons, we need radiation with a frequency higher than that of UV. Therefore, the only options that can cause photoelectrons to be emitted are X-rays and gamma rays. ### Final Answer: The beams that can cause photoelectrons to be emitted from the surface are: - (iii) X-rays - (iv) Gamma rays
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