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The electric field ina region is given a...

The electric field ina region is given as
`E= (1)/(epsilon_(0))[( 2y^(2) + z) hat(i)+ 4 xyhat(j)+ xhat(k)] V//m`
Find volume charge density at ( - 1, 0,3) .

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The correct Answer is:
To find the volume charge density at the point (-1, 0, 3) given the electric field \( E \), we will use the differential form of Gauss's law, which relates the divergence of the electric field to the volume charge density. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Write the Electric Field**: The electric field is given as: \[ E = \frac{1}{\epsilon_0} \left( (2y^2 + z) \hat{i} + 4xy \hat{j} + x \hat{k} \right) \text{ V/m} \] 2. **Use the Divergence of the Electric Field**: According to Gauss's law in differential form: \[ \nabla \cdot E = \frac{\rho}{\epsilon_0} \] where \( \rho \) is the volume charge density. 3. **Calculate the Divergence**: The divergence operator in Cartesian coordinates is: \[ \nabla \cdot E = \frac{\partial E_x}{\partial x} + \frac{\partial E_y}{\partial y} + \frac{\partial E_z}{\partial z} \] Here, \( E_x = \frac{1}{\epsilon_0}(2y^2 + z) \), \( E_y = \frac{1}{\epsilon_0}(4xy) \), and \( E_z = \frac{1}{\epsilon_0}(x) \). 4. **Differentiate Each Component**: - For \( E_x \): \[ \frac{\partial E_x}{\partial x} = \frac{\partial}{\partial x} \left( \frac{1}{\epsilon_0}(2y^2 + z) \right) = 0 \] - For \( E_y \): \[ \frac{\partial E_y}{\partial y} = \frac{\partial}{\partial y} \left( \frac{1}{\epsilon_0}(4xy) \right) = \frac{4x}{\epsilon_0} \] - For \( E_z \): \[ \frac{\partial E_z}{\partial z} = \frac{\partial}{\partial z} \left( \frac{1}{\epsilon_0}(x) \right) = 0 \] 5. **Combine the Results**: Now, we can combine these results to find the divergence: \[ \nabla \cdot E = 0 + \frac{4x}{\epsilon_0} + 0 = \frac{4x}{\epsilon_0} \] 6. **Relate to Charge Density**: From Gauss's law, we have: \[ \frac{4x}{\epsilon_0} = \frac{\rho}{\epsilon_0} \] Therefore, the volume charge density \( \rho \) is: \[ \rho = 4x \] 7. **Substitute the Point (-1, 0, 3)**: Now, we need to find \( \rho \) at the point (-1, 0, 3): \[ \rho = 4(-1) = -4 \text{ C/m}^3 \] ### Final Answer: The volume charge density at the point (-1, 0, 3) is: \[ \rho = -4 \text{ C/m}^3 \]
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