STATEMENT-1 `:` Inside an isolated hollow spherical shell of charge, electrostatic potential is constant everywhere
and
STATEMENT-2 `:` Electric field inside a hollow spherical shell of charge is always zero.

Options

A. Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True, Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1
B. Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True, Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1
C. Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False
D. Statement-1 is False , Statement-2 is True

Answer

To solve the problem, we need to analyze both statements regarding the electrostatic potential and electric field inside a hollow spherical shell of charge.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Hollow Spherical Shell**:
- Consider an isolated hollow spherical shell with a uniform charge \( Q \) distributed over its surface.

2. **Analyzing Statement 2**:
- **Statement 2** claims that the electric field inside a hollow spherical shell of charge is always zero.
- According to Gauss's Law, the electric field \( E \) inside a closed surface is proportional to the charge enclosed by that surface.
- Since all the charge \( Q \) resides on the surface of the shell, the charge enclosed within any Gaussian surface drawn inside the shell is zero.
- Therefore, by Gauss's Law, the electric field \( E \) inside the hollow shell is indeed zero.
- **Conclusion**: Statement 2 is **true**.

3. **Analyzing Statement 1**:
- **Statement 1** states that the electrostatic potential inside the hollow spherical shell is constant everywhere.
- The relationship between electric field \( E \) and electrostatic potential \( V \) is given by:
\[ E = -\frac{dV}{dr} \]
- Since we have established that the electric field \( E \) inside the shell is zero, we can substitute this into the equation:
\[ 0 = -\frac{dV}{dr} \]
- This implies that the rate of change of potential with respect to distance \( r \) is zero, which means the potential \( V \) must be constant throughout the interior of the shell.
- **Conclusion**: Statement 1 is also **true**.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Both statements are true, and Statement 2 provides the correct explanation for Statement 1. Therefore, the answer is that both statements are true, and Statement 2 justifies Statement 1.

### Final Answer:
Both statements are true, and Statement 2 is the correct explanation for Statement 1.

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