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STATEMENT-1 :The direction of electric d...

STATEMENT-1 `:`The direction of electric dipole moment is directed from `+q` to -q
STATEMENT -2 `:` Electric field at any point in space may be perpendicular to the diple moment.
STATEMENT-3 `:` A dipole experiences maximum torques at the position where potential energy is zero.

A

T F T

B

T F F

C

F T F

D

F T T

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To analyze the statements regarding electric dipoles, we will evaluate each statement one by one. ### Step 1: Evaluate Statement 1 **Statement 1:** The direction of electric dipole moment is directed from +q to -q. **Analysis:** The electric dipole moment (p) is defined as the vector quantity that points from the negative charge (-q) to the positive charge (+q). Therefore, the statement that the dipole moment is directed from +q to -q is **false**. ### Step 2: Evaluate Statement 2 **Statement 2:** Electric field at any point in space may be perpendicular to the dipole moment. **Analysis:** An electric dipole creates an electric field around it. The direction of the electric field can vary depending on the position in space. It is possible for the electric field at a certain point to be perpendicular to the dipole moment. For example, if we consider a point in space where the electric field forms a right angle with the dipole moment, this is indeed possible. Therefore, this statement is **true**. ### Step 3: Evaluate Statement 3 **Statement 3:** A dipole experiences maximum torque at the position where potential energy is zero. **Analysis:** The torque (τ) experienced by a dipole in an electric field is given by the formula: \[ \tau = pE \sin \theta \] where \( p \) is the dipole moment, \( E \) is the electric field strength, and \( \theta \) is the angle between the dipole moment and the electric field. The potential energy (U) of a dipole in an electric field is given by: \[ U = -pE \cos \theta \] For potential energy to be zero, \( \cos \theta \) must be zero, which occurs when \( \theta = 90^\circ \). At this angle, \( \sin \theta = 1 \), leading to maximum torque: \[ \tau = pE \cdot 1 = pE \] Thus, the statement is **true**. ### Conclusion Based on the evaluations: - Statement 1 is **false**. - Statement 2 is **true**. - Statement 3 is **true**. The final answer is that the correct option is **4** (false, true, true).
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