The maximum range of ground or surface wave propagation depends on-

Options

A. The frequency of radiowaves only
B. Power of the transmitter only
C. Both on frequency as well as power
D. Wavelength of radiowaves

Answer

To determine the factors affecting the maximum range of ground or surface wave propagation, we can analyze the options provided in the question step by step.

### Step 1: Understand Ground or Surface Wave Propagation
Ground or surface wave propagation refers to the way radio waves travel along the surface of the Earth. This type of wave propagation is particularly important for communication systems that operate at lower frequencies.

**Hint:** Consider how radio waves travel and what factors might influence their distance.

### Step 2: Analyze the Factors
1. **Frequency of Radio Waves**: The frequency of the radio waves plays a significant role in propagation. Generally, lower frequencies can travel longer distances due to their ability to diffract around obstacles and follow the curvature of the Earth.

**Hint:** Think about how different frequencies interact with the environment.

2. **Power of the Transmitter**: The power output of the transmitter also significantly affects the range. Higher power means stronger signals, which can travel further before they weaken.

**Hint:** Consider how the strength of the signal influences its ability to reach distant receivers.

3. **Wavelength of Radio Waves**: Wavelength is inversely related to frequency. Thus, while wavelength itself is not a direct factor, it is important to remember that changes in frequency will affect wavelength.

**Hint:** Remember the relationship between frequency and wavelength.

### Step 3: Evaluate the Options
- **Option 1: Frequency of radio waves only** - This is incomplete as it ignores the power factor.
- **Option 2: Power of transmitter only** - This is also incomplete as it ignores the frequency factor.
- **Option 3: Both frequency and power** - This option considers both significant factors affecting range.
- **Option 4: Wavelength of radio waves** - While related, it does not directly address the factors influencing range.

### Conclusion
The maximum range of ground or surface wave propagation depends on both the frequency of the radio waves and the power of the transmitter. Therefore, the correct answer is **Option 3: Both on frequency as well as power**.

**Final Answer:** The maximum range of ground or surface wave propagation depends on both frequency as well as power (Option C).

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