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A: In satellite communication, generally...

A: In satellite communication, generally we keep different uplink and downlink frequencies.
R: In case of failures, the detection of faulty link becomes easier if frequencies are kept different.

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To solve the assertion and reason type of question, we will analyze both the assertion (A) and the reason (R) statements step by step. ### Step 1: Understand the Assertion (A) The assertion states that "In satellite communication, generally we keep different uplink and downlink frequencies." - **Explanation**: In satellite communication, the uplink frequency is the frequency used to send signals from the ground station (transmitter) to the satellite. The downlink frequency is the frequency used to send signals from the satellite back to the ground station (receiver). ### Step 2: Understand the Reason (R) The reason states that "In case of failures, the detection of faulty link becomes easier if frequencies are kept different." - **Explanation**: By using different frequencies for uplink and downlink, it becomes easier to identify which link (uplink or downlink) is experiencing a failure. If both links used the same frequency, it would be more challenging to determine where the issue lies. ### Step 3: Evaluate the Truth of Assertion and Reason - **Assertion (A)**: True. It is a standard practice in satellite communication to use different frequencies for uplink and downlink. - **Reason (R)**: True. Having different frequencies does indeed make it easier to detect faults in the communication links. ### Step 4: Determine the Relationship Between A and R Since both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion, we conclude that: - **Conclusion**: Both A and R are true, and R correctly explains A. ### Final Answer Thus, the correct answer is that both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion. ---
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