The percentage of hydrogen in water and hydrogen peroxide is 11 .1 and 5.9 respectively . These figures illustrate

Options

A. Law of multiple proportions
B. Law of conservation of mass
C. Law of constant proportions
D. Law of combining volumes

Answer

To solve the question regarding the percentage of hydrogen in water (H₂O) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), we can analyze the data provided and relate it to the laws of chemical proportions. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown:

### Step 1: Understand the Compounds
- Water (H₂O) consists of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.
- Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) consists of 2 hydrogen atoms and 2 oxygen atoms.

### Step 2: Calculate the Molar Masses
- Molar mass of H₂O:
- Hydrogen: 1 g/mol × 2 = 2 g/mol
- Oxygen: 16 g/mol × 1 = 16 g/mol
- Total = 2 + 16 = 18 g/mol

- Molar mass of H₂O₂:
- Hydrogen: 1 g/mol × 2 = 2 g/mol
- Oxygen: 16 g/mol × 2 = 32 g/mol
- Total = 2 + 32 = 34 g/mol

### Step 3: Calculate the Percentage of Hydrogen
- Percentage of hydrogen in water (H₂O):
\[ \text{Percentage of H in H₂O} = \left( \frac{2 \text{ g/mol}}{18 \text{ g/mol}} \right) \times 100 = 11.1\% \]

- Percentage of hydrogen in hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂):
\[ \text{Percentage of H in H₂O₂} = \left( \frac{2 \text{ g/mol}}{34 \text{ g/mol}} \right) \times 100 \approx 5.9\% \]

### Step 4: Analyze the Ratios
- The percentage of hydrogen in water is 11.1% and in hydrogen peroxide is 5.9%.
- The ratio of the percentages of hydrogen in H₂O and H₂O₂ is approximately 2:1.

### Step 5: Apply the Law of Multiple Proportions
- According to the law of multiple proportions, when two elements combine in different ways to form different compounds, the ratios of the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other element can be expressed in simple whole numbers.
- In this case, the hydrogen percentages illustrate that the amount of hydrogen in H₂O is approximately double that in H₂O₂, which supports the law of multiple proportions.

### Conclusion
The figures illustrate the law of multiple proportions.

**Final Answer: The correct option is the law of multiple proportions.**

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