The oxidation number, of C in `CH_(4). CH_(3)CI, CH_(2)CI_(2), CHCl_(3) and C Cl_(4)` are respectively:

Options

A. `-4, -2, 0, +2, +4`
B. `+2, 4, 0, -2, -4`
C. `4, 2, 0, -2, 4`
D. `0, 2, -2, 4, 4`

Answer

To find the oxidation number of carbon in the compounds CH₄, CH₃Cl, CH₂Cl₂, CHCl₃, and CCl₄, we will follow a systematic approach for each compound.

### Step-by-Step Solution

1. **For CH₄ (Methane)**:
- Let the oxidation number of carbon be \( X \).
- There are 4 hydrogen atoms, each with an oxidation number of +1.
- The total oxidation number for the molecule is 0.
- Therefore, the equation is:
\[ X + 4(+1) = 0 \]
- Simplifying this gives:
\[ X + 4 = 0 \implies X = -4 \]
- **Oxidation number of C in CH₄ is -4.**

2. **For CH₃Cl (Chloroform)**:
- Let the oxidation number of carbon be \( X \).
- There are 3 hydrogen atoms (+1 each) and 1 chlorine atom (-1).
- The total oxidation number for the molecule is 0.
- Therefore, the equation is:
\[ X + 3(+1) + (-1) = 0 \]
- Simplifying this gives:
\[ X + 3 - 1 = 0 \implies X + 2 = 0 \implies X = -2 \]
- **Oxidation number of C in CH₃Cl is -2.**

3. **For CH₂Cl₂ (Dichloromethane)**:
- Let the oxidation number of carbon be \( X \).
- There are 2 hydrogen atoms (+1 each) and 2 chlorine atoms (-1 each).
- The total oxidation number for the molecule is 0.
- Therefore, the equation is:
\[ X + 2(+1) + 2(-1) = 0 \]
- Simplifying this gives:
\[ X + 2 - 2 = 0 \implies X = 0 \]
- **Oxidation number of C in CH₂Cl₂ is 0.**

4. **For CHCl₃ (Chloroform)**:
- Let the oxidation number of carbon be \( X \).
- There is 1 hydrogen atom (+1) and 3 chlorine atoms (-1 each).
- The total oxidation number for the molecule is 0.
- Therefore, the equation is:
\[ X + 1 + 3(-1) = 0 \]
- Simplifying this gives:
\[ X + 1 - 3 = 0 \implies X - 2 = 0 \implies X = +2 \]
- **Oxidation number of C in CHCl₃ is +2.**

5. **For CCl₄ (Carbon Tetrachloride)**:
- Let the oxidation number of carbon be \( X \).
- There are 4 chlorine atoms (-1 each).
- The total oxidation number for the molecule is 0.
- Therefore, the equation is:
\[ X + 4(-1) = 0 \]
- Simplifying this gives:
\[ X - 4 = 0 \implies X = +4 \]
- **Oxidation number of C in CCl₄ is +4.**

### Summary of Oxidation Numbers
- CH₄: -4
- CH₃Cl: -2
- CH₂Cl₂: 0
- CHCl₃: +2
- CCl₄: +4