Stoichiometric defect is also known as

Options

A. Intrinsic defect
B. Impurity defect
C. Thermodynamic defect
D. Both (1) & (3)

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Definition of Stoichiometric Defect:**
- A stoichiometric defect is a type of defect in a solid where the overall composition of the material remains unchanged. This means that the ratio of the different types of atoms in the crystal lattice does not alter, even though some atoms may be missing or displaced.

2. **Types of Defects:**
- Defects in solids can be categorized into two main types: intrinsic (or stoichiometric) defects and extrinsic defects.
- Intrinsic defects occur naturally due to the structure of the material itself, while extrinsic defects arise from the introduction of impurities or foreign atoms.

3. **Characteristics of Stoichiometric Defects:**
- Stoichiometric defects are also referred to as intrinsic defects because they maintain the stoichiometry of the compound.
- These defects can occur due to thermal agitation, where atoms are displaced from their lattice positions, often as a result of heating.

4. **Relation to Thermodynamic Defects:**
- Stoichiometric defects can also be classified as thermodynamic defects because they are influenced by temperature changes. Higher temperatures can lead to increased atomic vibrations, resulting in the displacement of atoms.

5. **Conclusion:**
- Therefore, stoichiometric defects are also known as intrinsic defects and thermodynamic defects. The correct answer to the question is that stoichiometric defects are known as both intrinsic defects and thermodynamic defects.

**Final Answer:**
Stoichiometric defect is also known as intrinsic defect and thermodynamic defect.

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