A : Soap has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic gropus .
R : Soap acts as emulsifier in cleaning action.

Options

A. If both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion, mark (1)
B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (2)
C. If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false, then mark (3)
D. If both Assertion and Resson are false statements , then mark (4)

Answer

To solve the question regarding the assertion and reason about soap, we will break it down step by step.

### Step 1: Understanding the Assertion
The assertion states that "Soap has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups."

- **Explanation**: Soap molecules consist of a long hydrocarbon tail (which is hydrophobic, or water-repelling) and a polar head (which is hydrophilic, or water-attracting). This dual nature allows soap to interact with both water and oils or grease.

### Step 2: Understanding the Reason
The reason states that "Soap acts as an emulsifier in cleaning action."

- **Explanation**: An emulsifier is a substance that helps to mix two immiscible liquids, such as oil and water. In cleaning, soap molecules surround oil or grease particles with their hydrophobic tails, while their hydrophilic heads remain in the water. This allows the oil to be dispersed in water, making it easier to wash away.

### Step 3: Evaluating the Truth of the Assertion
We can confirm that the assertion is true because soap indeed has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups.

### Step 4: Evaluating the Truth of the Reason
The reason is also true because soap functions as an emulsifier, which is crucial for its cleaning action.

### Step 5: Establishing the Relationship Between Assertion and Reason
Since both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion, we can conclude that the relationship is valid.

### Final Conclusion
Both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion. Therefore, the correct option is Option A.

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