The element which does not show `d^(@)`configuration in its highest oxidation state

Options

A. V
B. Mn
C. Cr
D. Fe

Answer

To solve the question of which element does not show a \( d^0 \) configuration in its highest oxidation state, we will analyze the electronic configurations and oxidation states of the given elements: Vanadium, Manganese, Chromium, and Iron.

### Step 1: Identify the electronic configurations

1. **Vanadium (V)**:
- Atomic number: 23
- Electronic configuration: \( [Ar] 3d^3 4s^2 \)

2. **Manganese (Mn)**:
- Atomic number: 25
- Electronic configuration: \( [Ar] 3d^5 4s^2 \)

3. **Chromium (Cr)**:
- Atomic number: 24
- Electronic configuration: \( [Ar] 3d^5 4s^1 \)

4. **Iron (Fe)**:
- Atomic number: 26
- Electronic configuration: \( [Ar] 3d^6 4s^2 \)

### Step 2: Determine the maximum oxidation states

1. **Vanadium**:
- Maximum oxidation state: +5 (losing all 5 valence electrons: \( 3d^3 4s^2 \))
- Configuration after losing 5 electrons: \( d^0 \)

2. **Manganese**:
- Maximum oxidation state: +7 (losing all 7 valence electrons: \( 3d^5 4s^2 \))
- Configuration after losing 7 electrons: \( d^0 \)

3. **Chromium**:
- Maximum oxidation state: +6 (losing 6 electrons: \( 3d^5 4s^1 \))
- Configuration after losing 6 electrons: \( d^0 \)

4. **Iron**:
- Maximum oxidation states: +2 (losing 2 electrons: \( 3d^6 4s^2 \)) and +3 (losing 3 electrons: \( 3d^5 4s^1 \))
- Configuration after losing 2 electrons: \( 3d^6 \) (not \( d^0 \))
- Configuration after losing 3 electrons: \( 3d^5 \) (not \( d^0 \))

### Step 3: Conclusion

From the analysis, we see that:
- Vanadium, Manganese, and Chromium all reach a \( d^0 \) configuration in their highest oxidation states.
- Iron does not reach a \( d^0 \) configuration in its highest oxidation states, as it can only achieve +2 and +3 oxidation states, which correspond to \( 3d^6 \) and \( 3d^5 \) configurations, respectively.

Thus, the element which does not show \( d^0 \) configuration in its highest oxidation state is **Iron (Fe)**.

### Final Answer:
**Iron (Fe)**

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