A : Benzaldehydes do not give positive Fehling test
R : Aldehydes give positive Tollen's test.

Options

A. If both Assertion & Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (1).
B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion, then mark (2).
C. If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false, then mark (3).
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false statements, then mark (4).

Answer

To analyze the given statements about benzaldehyde and its behavior in Fehling's and Tollens' tests, we can break down the solution into clear steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Assertion**:
- The assertion states that "Benzaldehyde does not give a positive Fehling test."
- Benzaldehyde is an aromatic aldehyde. Aromatic aldehydes do not react with Fehling's solution.

2. **Understanding the Reason**:
- The reason states that "Aldehydes give a positive Tollens' test."
- Tollens' test is applicable to both aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes. When aldehydes react with Tollens' reagent (ammoniacal silver nitrate), they are oxidized to carboxylic acids, resulting in the reduction of silver ions to metallic silver, which forms a silver mirror.

3. **Analyzing Fehling's Test**:
- Fehling's test involves two solutions (Fehling A and Fehling B) where Fehling A contains copper(II) sulfate and Fehling B contains sodium potassium tartrate.
- This test is primarily used for aliphatic aldehydes. Aromatic aldehydes, like benzaldehyde, do not react with Fehling's solution, hence they do not give a positive result.

4. **Analyzing Tollens' Test**:
- Tollens' test is a qualitative test for aldehydes. It can be used for both aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes.
- When benzaldehyde is treated with Tollens' reagent, it gives a positive result, indicating the presence of the aldehyde functional group.

5. **Conclusion**:
- The assertion is true: Benzaldehyde does not give a positive Fehling test because it is an aromatic aldehyde.
- The reason is also true: Aldehydes, including benzaldehyde, give a positive Tollens' test.
- However, the reason provided does not explain the assertion directly; it merely states a fact about aldehydes in general.

6. **Final Answer**:
- The assertion is true, the reason is true, but the reason is not the correct explanation for the assertion. Therefore, the correct option is that the assertion is true and the reason is true, but they are not interlinked.