Anisole with conc. `HNO_(3)` and conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)` gives

Options

A. Phenol
B. nitrobenzene
C. o-and p-nitroanisole
D. o-nitroanisole

Answer

To solve the question regarding the reaction of anisole with concentrated HNO3 and concentrated H2SO4, we will go through the following steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Reactants
Anisole is an aromatic compound with the formula C6H5OCH3. It consists of a benzene ring with a methoxy group (OCH3) attached to it. The reagents used in this reaction are concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) and concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4).

**Hint:** Identify the structure of anisole and the nature of the reagents involved.

### Step 2: Formation of the Electrophile
When concentrated HNO3 and H2SO4 are mixed, they generate the nitronium ion (NO2+), which is a strong electrophile. The reaction can be summarized as follows:
- HNO3 + H2SO4 → NO2+ + HSO4− + H2O

**Hint:** Remember that the nitronium ion (NO2+) is the active electrophile in nitration reactions.

### Step 3: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution
Anisole undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution where the nitronium ion attacks the benzene ring. The methoxy group (OCH3) is an activating group and directs the incoming electrophile to the ortho and para positions relative to itself.

**Hint:** Consider the directing effects of substituents on the benzene ring during electrophilic aromatic substitution.

### Step 4: Identify the Products
The nitronium ion can attack the benzene ring of anisole at two positions:
1. Ortho position (adjacent to the methoxy group)
2. Para position (opposite to the methoxy group)

This results in the formation of two products:
- Ortho-nitro anisole
- Para-nitro anisole

**Hint:** Visualize the possible positions where the nitronium ion can attach to the anisole structure.

### Step 5: Analyze the Options
Now, we compare the products formed with the given options:
- Option A: Phenol (Incorrect)
- Option B: Nitrobenzene (Incorrect)
- Option C: Ortho and para nitro anisole (Correct)
- Option D: Ortho-nitro anisole (Incorrect, as para-nitro anisole is also formed)

**Hint:** Carefully evaluate each option against the expected products from the reaction.

### Final Answer
The correct answer is **Option C: Ortho and para nitro anisole**.