Which of the following is true about gaseous state of matter?

Options

A. Thermal energy is equal to molecular force of attraction
B. Molecular forces of attraction are higher in gases than those in liquids
C. Thermal energy is lower than molecular forces of attraction
D. Thermal energy is highly greater than molecular forces of attraction

Answer

To determine which statement is true about the gaseous state of matter, we will analyze each option provided in the question.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Molecular Forces in Different States of Matter**:
- In solids, molecules are closely packed together, and the intermolecular forces of attraction are very strong.
- In liquids, molecules are still close but can move past one another, resulting in weaker intermolecular forces compared to solids.
- In gases, molecules are far apart, and the intermolecular forces of attraction are the weakest among the three states.

**Hint**: Remember that the strength of intermolecular forces decreases from solids to liquids to gases.

2. **Analyzing Each Statement**:
- **Option 1**: "Thermal energy is equal to the molecular force of attraction."
- This statement is incorrect because thermal energy (which relates to the kinetic energy of molecules) is much greater than the forces of attraction in gases.

**Hint**: Consider how thermal energy affects molecular motion in gases.

- **Option 2**: "Molecular forces of attraction are higher in gases than those in liquids."
- This statement is also incorrect. As previously established, molecular forces of attraction are weakest in gases compared to liquids and solids.

**Hint**: Compare the strength of intermolecular forces in all three states of matter.

- **Option 3**: "Thermal energy is lower than molecular force of attraction."
- This statement is incorrect as well. In gases, thermal energy is significantly higher than the intermolecular forces of attraction.

**Hint**: Think about what happens to gas molecules at higher temperatures.

- **Option 4**: "Thermal energy is greater than the molecular force of attraction."
- This statement is correct. In gases, the thermal energy is indeed much greater than the intermolecular forces of attraction, allowing gas molecules to move freely and be far apart.

**Hint**: Recall that high thermal energy leads to increased molecular motion and distance between molecules in gases.

3. **Conclusion**:
- The correct statement regarding the gaseous state of matter is **Option 4**: "Thermal energy is greater than the molecular force of attraction."

### Final Answer:
**Option 4**: Thermal energy is greater than the molecular force of attraction.