The shape of the intermediate formed In nucleophilic addilion reaction of aldehydes and ketones is

Options

A. Trigonal planar
B. Tetrahedral
C. Trigonal bipyramidal
D. Bent

Answer

To determine the shape of the intermediate formed in the nucleophilic addition reaction of aldehydes and ketones, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reaction**:
- In nucleophilic addition reactions, aldehydes and ketones react with nucleophiles. The general structure of a carbonyl compound (aldehyde or ketone) is R-C(=O)-R', where R and R' can be hydrogen or hydrocarbon groups.

2. **Understand the Carbonyl Group**:
- The carbonyl carbon (C=O) is sp² hybridized, which means it has a trigonal planar geometry. However, when a nucleophile attacks, the carbonyl carbon becomes sp³ hybridized.

3. **Nucleophile Attack**:
- When the nucleophile (Nu-) attacks the carbonyl carbon, it breaks the π bond between carbon and oxygen, leading to the formation of a new σ bond. This results in the formation of an alkoxide intermediate.

4. **Formation of the Intermediate**:
- The structure of the intermediate can be represented as R-C(-Nu)-O⁻. The carbon now has four substituents (two R groups, the nucleophile, and the oxygen atom with a negative charge), which means it is tetrahedral.

5. **Determine the Shape**:
- Since the carbon in the intermediate is sp³ hybridized, the geometry around this carbon atom is tetrahedral.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the shape of the intermediate formed in the nucleophilic addition reaction of aldehydes and ketones is tetrahedral.

### Final Answer:
The shape of the intermediate formed in the nucleophilic addition reaction of aldehydes and ketones is **tetrahedral**.

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