if a charged body is brought near a charged electroscope, then

Options

A. The leaves will further diverge the charge on he body is opposite to that on the eletroscope
B. The leaves will converge, if the charge on the body is opposite to that on the electroscope
C. The leaves will further diverge if the charge on the body is similar to that on the electroscope
D. Both (2) and (3)

Answer

To solve the question, "If a charged body is brought near a charged electroscope, then what happens?", we will analyze the situation step by step.

### Step 1: Understanding the Electroscope
An electroscope is a device that detects electric charge. It consists of a metal rod connected to two thin metal leaves (often made of gold). When the electroscope is charged, the leaves repel each other due to the like charges.

**Hint:** Remember that like charges repel and opposite charges attract.

### Step 2: Initial Condition
Let’s assume the electroscope is positively charged. This means that both leaves of the electroscope have a positive charge and are repelling each other, causing them to diverge.

**Hint:** Visualize the electroscope with its leaves diverging due to the positive charge.

### Step 3: Bringing a Charged Body Near the Electroscope
When we bring another charged body near the electroscope (without touching it), the effect depends on the nature of the charge on the body.

**Hint:** Consider the charge of the body being either positive or negative.

### Step 4: Case 1 - Opposite Charge (Negative Charge)
If the charged body is negatively charged, it will attract the positive charges in the electroscope. This attraction causes some of the positive charges in the leaves to move upward toward the rod, reducing the amount of positive charge on the leaves.

- Result: The leaves will not diverge further; they may even converge slightly due to the reduction of like charges.

**Hint:** Think about how attraction affects the distribution of charges in the electroscope.

### Step 5: Case 2 - Same Charge (Positive Charge)
If the charged body is positively charged, it will repel the positive charges in the electroscope. This will cause more positive charge to accumulate on the leaves, increasing the repulsion between them.

- Result: The leaves will diverge further.

**Hint:** Visualize how the repulsion of like charges increases the divergence of the leaves.

### Step 6: Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
1. If the charged body is opposite (negative), the leaves will not diverge further (they may converge).
2. If the charged body is the same (positive), the leaves will diverge further.

Thus, the correct options are:
- The leaves will converge if the charge on the body is opposite to that of the electroscope (Correct).
- The leaves will further diverge if the charge on the body is similar to that of the electroscope (Correct).

**Final Answer:** The correct options are 2 and 3.