nomenclature is is governed by certain universal rules. choose the statement which is contrary to the rules

Options

A. biological names are generally in Latin
B. name of the author appear before specific epithet
C. the scientific name is underlines separately when handwritten
D. first word in a biological name represents the genus while the second component denotes the specific epithet.

Answer

To solve the question regarding which statement is contrary to the universal rules of nomenclature, we will follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Concept of Nomenclature**: Nomenclature refers to the system of naming organisms, and it is governed by specific rules known as binomial nomenclature, which was developed by Carl Linnaeus.

2. **Identify the Key Rules of Nomenclature**:
- The biological name must be written in Latin.
- The name consists of two parts: the genus name and the specific epithet.
- The genus name is always capitalized, while the specific epithet is written in lowercase.
- When handwritten, the scientific name should be underlined or italicized when typed.

3. **Analyze Each Statement**:
- **Statement 1**: Biological names are generally in Latin.
- This is correct.
- **Statement 2**: The name of the author appears before the specific epithet.
- This is incorrect; the genus name appears before the specific epithet.
- **Statement 3**: The scientific name is underlined separately when handwritten.
- This is correct.
- **Statement 4**: The first word in the biological name represents the genus, while the second component denotes the specific epithet.
- This is correct.
- **Statement 5**: The first alphabet of the genus has to be in capital, while the rest must be in small letters.
- This is correct.

4. **Determine the Contradictory Statement**:
- From the analysis, Statement 2 is the only one that contradicts the rules of nomenclature.

5. **Conclusion**: The statement that is contrary to the rules of nomenclature is that "the name of the author appears before the specific epithet."

### Final Answer:
The statement which is contrary to the rules is: **The name of the author appears before the specific epithet.**

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