Read the following statements w.r.t. gymnosperms
(a)Leaves in gymnosperms have thick cuticle and sunken stomata.
(b)Zamia is the tallest gymnosperm.
(c)Ginkgo biloba have fan shaped leaves
(d)Microsporophyll are compactly arranged on central axis to form a microsporangia.
(e) Two kinds of spores are produced within sporangia that are borne on male strobili

Options

A. a),c),d),e)
B. a), c), d)
C. a), b), c) only
D. c), d),e) only

Answer

To analyze the given statements regarding gymnosperms, let's evaluate each statement one by one:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Statement (a)**: "Leaves in gymnosperms have thick cuticle and sunken stomata."
- **Analysis**: This statement is true. Gymnosperms have adapted to their environments, often characterized by thick cuticles and sunken stomata to reduce water loss through transpiration. This adaptation is particularly important in harsh climates where water conservation is crucial.

2. **Statement (b)**: "Zamia is the tallest gymnosperm."
- **Analysis**: This statement is false. Zamia is a genus of cycads, but the tallest gymnosperm is actually the Sequoiadendron giganteum (giant sequoia). Therefore, Zamia cannot be classified as the tallest gymnosperm.

3. **Statement (c)**: "Ginkgo biloba has fan-shaped leaves."
- **Analysis**: This statement is true. Ginkgo biloba, often referred to as a "living fossil," is known for its distinctive fan-shaped leaves.

4. **Statement (d)**: "Microsporophyll are compactly arranged on central axis to form a microsporangia."
- **Analysis**: This statement is true. Microsporophylls are indeed arranged compactly on a central axis to form structures known as microsporangia, which are part of the male reproductive organs in gymnosperms (often referred to as pollen cones or male strobili).

5. **Statement (e)**: "Two kinds of spores are produced within sporangia that are borne on male strobili."
- **Analysis**: This statement is false. While gymnosperms do produce two types of spores (microspores and megaspores), the male strobili specifically produce only microspores. The megaspores are produced in female strobili. Hence, this statement is misleading.

### Summary of True and False Statements:
- True Statements: (a), (c), (d)
- False Statements: (b), (e)

### Final Answer:
There are three true statements among the five provided.