Which of the following layer helps in dehiscence of anther due to its hygroscopic nature?
(a) Exothecium
(b) Epidermis
(c) Endothecium
(d) Middle layers

Options

A. Exothecium
B. Epidermis
C. Endothecium
D. Middle layers

Answer

To solve the question regarding which layer helps in the dehiscence of anther due to its hygroscopic nature, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Structure of Anther**: The anther is part of the stamen in flowering plants and is responsible for producing pollen. The anther wall is composed of several layers.

2. **Identify the Layers of the Anther**: The anther wall consists of:
- Epidermis
- Exothecium
- Endothecium
- Middle layers
- Tapetum (not directly involved in dehiscence)

3. **Define Dehiscence**: Dehiscence refers to the process by which the anther splits open to release pollen grains. This process is crucial for the reproduction of flowering plants.

4. **Understand Hygroscopic Nature**: Hygroscopic materials are those that absorb moisture from the environment. This property can cause physical changes, such as swelling or contraction, which can lead to the opening of structures.

5. **Identify the Layer Responsible for Dehiscence**: Among the layers of the anther, the endothecium is known for its hygroscopic properties. It has specialized cells that can absorb water, causing them to expand and contract, which ultimately leads to the splitting of the anther.

6. **Select the Correct Option**: Based on the understanding that the endothecium is responsible for dehiscence due to its hygroscopic nature, the correct answer is:
- **(c) Endothecium**