Successfully bred domesticated varieties from various plants and animals are obtained through

Options

A. Artificial selection
B. Selective crossing
C. Emasculation
D. all except (3)

Answer

To solve the question, "Successfully bred domesticated varieties from various plants and animals are obtained through," we need to analyze the options and understand the processes involved in breeding domesticated varieties.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Concept**:
- The question is about how domesticated varieties of plants and animals are bred from their wild counterparts. This process typically involves human intervention and specific breeding techniques.

2. **Identifying Breeding Techniques**:
- There are several methods used to breed domesticated varieties, including:
- **Artificial Selection**: This is a process where humans select specific plants or animals with desirable traits to reproduce, enhancing those traits in future generations.
- **Collective Crossing**: This method involves crossing multiple individuals to combine desirable traits, although it is less commonly referred to in this context.
- **Emasculation**: This is a technique used primarily in plants where the anthers (male parts) are removed to prevent self-pollination, allowing controlled cross-pollination.

3. **Evaluating the Options**:
- The question implies that all methods except one are correct.
- **Artificial Selection** is a valid method.
- **Collective Crossing** is also a valid method, but it may not be as widely recognized.
- **Emasculation** is specific to plants and does not apply to animals.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Since the question asks for methods that apply to both plants and animals, and emasculation is only applicable to plants, we can conclude that the correct answer is "all except three." This means that all methods except emasculation are valid for breeding domesticated varieties.

### Final Answer:
The correct answer is **option four: all except three**.